The latest dog age conversion formula, calculate how old your dog is equivalent to a person

Dogs mature quickly and then age slowly

Previously, the conversion of dog age to human age was generally simply multiplied by 7. The reason is that the life span of dogs is usually about 10 years, while the life span of humans is about 70 years. However, this conversion does not take into account that dogs develop and age differently than humans.
The American Dog Association (AKC) has proposed another estimation formula - when a dog is 1 year old, it is equivalent to 15 years of human beings, when it is 2 years old, it is equivalent to 24 years of human beings, and every additional year thereafter is considered as 5 years of human beings. This algorithm takes into account that dogs will mature rapidly in the first two years of life, which is more scientific than directly multiplying by 7.
The conversion formula proposed by the new study is as follows——

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Convert dog age to human age =16×ln(dog’s age)+31
where ln is the natural logarithm.

Dog age (x-axis) vs human age (y-axis)

This formula is only suitable for dogs over 1 year old and cannot be used for dogs under 1 year old. Within one year of age, other developmental milestones can be used for comparison, such as a puppy of 7 weeks (0.13 years old), which is almost equivalent to a human baby of 9 months, which is exactly the stage when both start teething.
In short, judging from the calculation results, dogs mature rapidly first, and then age slowly.

1-year-old dog ≈ 31-year-old person
2-year-old dog ≈ 42.1-year-old human
3-year-old dog ≈ 48.6-year-old human
4-year-old dog ≈ 53.2-year-old human
5-year-old dog ≈ 56.8-year-old human
6-year-old dog ≈ 59.7-year-old human
7-year-old dog ≈ 62.1-year-old human
8-year-old dog ≈ 64.3-year-old human
9-year-old dog ≈ 66.2-year-old human
10-year-old dog ≈ 67.8-year-old human
11-year-old dog ≈ 69.4-year-old human
12-year-old dog ≈ 70.8-year-old human

A 1-year-old dog can reproduce to the next generation - the family is actually already thirty.
A 2-year-old dog has already entered middle age, and his eyes may already have the maturity and vicissitudes of forty years old.
This study used Labrador Retrievers. The average lifespan of this breed is about 12 years old. Converted to 70 years old, it is also very close to the human life expectancy.

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Labrador is a large dog, with an adult weight of about 25-36 kg.
If your family dog is smaller than a Labrador , the good news is that they may age a bit slower than this formula suggests.
Large dogs age faster than small dogs. The reason is unknown for the time being. It may be related to the extremely fast growth rate of large dogs and the continued high level of growth hormone in the body. It may be related to the large number of cells and the high risk of mutation. A 70kg Great Dane can live for 7 years, while a 4kg Toy Poodle can live 14 years. The empirical formula is that for every 2 kg of the average dog's weight, the life expectancy will be shortened by about one month.

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DNA methylation, the intrinsic aging timer

How did this new conversion formula for dog age come about?
In fact, it is inspired by human aging research. As humans age, the DNA of the genome will slowly wear methyl "little caps". Neither methylation nor demethylation changes the sequence of DNA, but they can turn genes off or on—so that during development and aging, genes can be expressed differently at different ages.
Studies have found that this methylation process is highly related to age, and the biological age of a person can be estimated based on the methylation status of a person's genome. With the current forensic identification, the age of a person can be inferred from the blood of a person, and the error is only in single digits.
In this new study, the researchers recruited 104 Labrador dogs. These dogs were only 4 weeks old (almost 0.08 years old), and the old ones were more than 16 years old. The genomes of these 104 Labrador retrievers were sequenced, their methylation status was obtained, and compared with 320 human genome methylation maps from 1 to 103 years old.

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After sequencing, it was found that the age-related methylated regions were very similar in dogs and humans. Some important nodes of aging are conservative in evolution and change little.

Calculate your age, you are already a mature dog, it's time to go out and ask for a living
The researchers also compared the methylation profiles of 133 mice and believed that this biological clock also applies to mice.
The development and aging process of mammals is evolutionarily conservative, with many commonalities and little change. In particular, dogs have many similarities with humans. Dogs, like humans, will experience decline in physical function and suffer from geriatric diseases when they get old - hearing loss, cataracts, cancer, liver disease, kidney disease, arthritis, heart disease, etc. wait. Dogs have almost the same cancer risk as humans, and cats have a slightly lower cancer risk than humans.

So, how to calculate the age of cats?

Since the methylation process of mammals is relatively stable, the researchers predict that the age of cats can also be converted based on the level of methylation. It's just that the cat has not been tested yet, so the corresponding formula for the cat has not yet come out.
However, the United States has published a "Guide to Cat Life Stages" before, which divides cat life into six stages——

0~6 months is a kitten, which is equivalent to 0~10 years old for humans.
7 months to 2 years old are juvenile cats (junior), which is equivalent to 12 to 24 years old for humans.
3~6 years old are prime cats (prime), which is equivalent to 28~40 years old for humans.
7-10 years old is a mature cat (mature), which is equivalent to 44-56 years old for humans.
11-14 years old are senior cats (senior), which is equivalent to 60-72 years old for humans.
15-25 years old is a geriatric cat, which is equivalent to 76-116 years old in humans.

The graph looks something like this -

Cat age (x-axis) vs human age (y-axis) | The Conversation

Of course, like humans, pets' nutrition and health can affect their intrinsic "age."
All in all, if you have a dog or cat by your side, you might as well calculate its age and pay attention to the health problems it needs to pay attention to at this age.
Maybe it is still a child, maybe it has entered sixtieth birthday. Time will take away everything, but at this moment, we will leave warm memories that accompany each other.

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